State of Consciousness: 

Sleep, Hypnosis, Drugs 

Sleep 

• Sleep is a state if consciousness. 
• We are less aware of our surroundings.

Conscious 

• Sub Conscious and u

  nconscious 

Why do we daydream? 

• They can help us prepare for future events. 
• They can nourish our social development. 
• Can substitute for impulsive behavior. 

Fantasy Prone Personalities 

• Someone who imagines and recalls experiences with lifelike vividness and who spends considerable time fantasizes. 

Biological Rhythms 

• Annual Cycles: seasonal variations (beard hibernation, seasonal affective disorder) 
• 28 day cycles: menstrual cycle 
• 24 hour cycle: our circadian rhythm 
• 90 minute cycle: sleep cycle 

Circadian Rhythm 

• Our 24 hour biological clock. 
• Our body temperature and awareness changes throughout the day. 

Sleep Stages 

• There are 5 identified stages of sleep. 
• It takes about 90-100 minutes to pass through the 5 stages.
• The brain'a waves will change according to the sleep stage you're in. 
• The first four stages are know as NREM sleep... 
• The fifth stage is called REM sleep. 

Stage 1 

• Kind of awake and kind of asleep. 
• Only lasts a few minutes and you usually only experience it once a night. 
• Eyes begin to roll slightly.
• Your brain produces Theta Waves (high amplitude, low frequency, slow)

Stage 2 

• This follows Stage 1 sleep and is is the "baseline" of sleep. 
• This stage is part of the 90 minute cycle and occupies approximately 45-60% of sleep. 
• More Theta Waves that get progressively slower. 

Stages 3 and 4 

• Slow wave sleep.
• You produce Delta waves. 
• If awoken, you sill be very groggy. 
• Vital for restoring body'a growth hormones and good overall health. 
•  May last 15-30 minutes. 
• It is called "slow wave" sleep because brain activity slows down dramatically from the "theta" rhythm of Stage 2 to a much slower rhythm called "delta" and the height or amplitude of the waves increases dramatically. 
• Contrary to popular belief, it is delta sleep that is the "deepest" stage of sleep (notREM) and the most restorative. 
• It is delta sleep that a sleep-deprived person's brain craves the first and foremost. 
• In children, delta sleep can occupy to 40% of all sleep time and this is what makes children unawake-able or "dead asleep" during most of the night. 

REM Sleep 

• Rapid Eye Movement 
• Often called paradoxical sleep.
• Brain is very active. 
• Dreams usually occur in REM 
• Body is essentially paralyzed. 

Stage Five: REM SLEEP 

• Composes 20-25% of a normal nights sleep. 
• Breathing, heart rate and brain wave activity quicken. 
• Vivid Dreams can occur. 
• From REM, you go back to Stage 2. 

*we all need different amounts of sleep depending on our age and genetics

*we all sleep about 25 years on average.